Monthly Archives: December 2012

GEOGRAPHICAL DEFINITIONS OF “AZERBAIJAN” – 2012-4

In Turkish ottoman encyclopedic and academic documents and maps

Summary

Karen H. Khanlarian (Tehran)
Historical evidences prove that the authorities of “Ittihad ve taraki” party (Union and Progress) of young Turks in Ottoman Turkey had a distinctive role in the nomination of so called “Azerbaijan” state, established in May 1918. It was by their order that the “Musavat” party named this newly emerged statehood as “Azerbaijan” on the territories where once were existing as “Albania”, “Shirvan” or “Shervan”. The authorities of “Ittihad ve Taraki” along with the “Musavatists” strived for creating a favorable political ground to annex the Azerbaijan province of Iran to this newly created state.

Has any historical land named “Azerbaijan” ever existed on the northern bank of Arax River? Does this falsification have any significant relevance to the historical lands of Azerbaijan of Iran? The panturkist historians have implemented extensive researches in this regard and traditionally have created some criteria based on which they boldly reject the authenticity of the Iranian, Russian, European and Armenian historical sources, calling them “fake”, “false” or “with bias

The main purpose of this paper is to reveal the geographical concept of “Azerbaijan” based on the Turkish ottoman encyclopedic and academic documents and maps.

The facts mentioned in this paper prove that based on the official maps and encyclopedic and academic documents, published materials and textbooks in Turkish ottoman empire, the geographical territories where the so called “Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan” state was created were existing as “Shirvan” or “Shervan” starting from the 16th century until May 1918. And Azerbaijan (Aturpatakan or Atropatena) was part of territory of Iran, as an Iranian province on the southern bank of Arax River.

Hence, without doubt we can conclude that the concept of “Azerbaijan Republic” is a geographically and politically fake phenomenon

ETYMOLOGY OF ETHNIC NAMES AND TOPONYMS OF THE ARMENIAN HIGHLAND – 2012-4

An attempt to examine North-western part and boundary lines

Summary

Armen H. Gharagyozyan
Owing to the observations of the Armenian plateau’s ethno-geographic environment, it is confirmed that Achaemenid Empire’s XVIII satrapy was formed with Tchorokh basin from the beginning of the VI century. The etymology of ethnic names of the tribes inhabiting that territory indicates their Indo-European – Armenian descent. Though, in the first half of the II century it was obvious that Tchorokh basin was populated by Armenians.

As a result of Armenian plateau’s ethno-geographic observation it was discovered that the provisional name of the lake Van was Aghi tsov, which meaned the Sea of Sun or God Sun’s sea. The same meaning is conspicuous also in the name Aghtamar and is derived from the provisional version Alde of mythological name Halde.

The lake Urmia was perceived through its color characteristics as blue, clear sky or heavenly plait, celestial gift and vivifying song, as well as the name Sevan of the lake-name Geghama tsov.

COURSES OF THE RESOLUTION ”ON THE POLITICAL SOLUTION TO THE ARMENIAN QUESTION” – 2012-4

On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of European Parliament’s decision on June 18, 1987

Summary

Armen Ts. Maruqyan
The official international organizations’ assessments of the crime have a great importance for the Armenian Genocide international recognition. The cases of the resolution “concerning the issue of the Armenian question” which have been adopted as a result of discussions in European council in 1980 are very significant in this regard. The adopted resolution concerning Armenian Genocide was the result of the unsystematic and desperate struggle of the Armenian diaspora’s different structures and certain individuals.

Under the circumstances of independent statehood, when Armenia is an international entity, full member of UNO and European Council, the previous discussions about the Armenian Genocide recognition and the adopted resolution should be used as precedent by the Armenian diplomacy to raise the question of the Armenian Genocide condemnation and its consequences’ overcoming in other international structures.

EDWARD MIRZOYAN. MAN AND WORK – 2012-4

In living memory of the great composer and a unique person

Summary

Lilit. K. Yepremyan
The article is an attempt to newly reconsider the role and the meaning of Edward Mirzoyan in the history of the Armenian music. Here we’ve underlined that he was always finding some extraordinary ways to get beyond the bounds of determinations (form, style, genre, tendency) combining the incompatible and creating new and original quality, which was becoming regularity for the generations. Some particular attention is paid also to the original world-view of Edward Mirzoyan during the formation of the movement of “sixties”. The universality of Komitas became the main and principal tradition of his art, which was also reflected for the first time in Armenian symphonic music.

NEW LITHOGRAPHES ON WEIGHT “LITRE” – 2012-4

Summary

Arsen E. Harutyunyan
This article presents certain evidence from newly-found inscriptions about “liter” weight measure in the medieval Armenia. The given weight measure was mentioned in the newly-found dedicatory inscriptions of St. Hripsime and St. Shoghakat churches, where the pasture donated products (salt, rice, candle etc.) to be commemorated in the liturgies. The article also contains a short overview of the works of several scholars (Schirakaci A., Manandyan H., Vardanyan R.), who studied Armenian measuring system as well as relative counts concerning liter. The work also includes description of the weight stones, found during archaelogical excavations, and proving that liter was used in Armenia. According to R. Vardanyan, it was equal to 320,4 grams (according to Dvin materials) or 320 grams (according to Ani materials). There are examples from annalistic sources, particularly from memoranda and chronicles, where liters represent today’s kilos. Thus, the existence of liter in the weight system of the medieval Armenian inscriptions contributes to our knowledge of this measure of weight.

THE PARADOX OF THE LANGUAGE’S ORIGIN – 2012-4

Summary

Siranush G. Hovhannisyan
The article touches upon one of the eternal problems of linguistics, origin of language. The problem is placed on the platforms of anthropology, philosophy- human and objective reality, human and society, thus shows that this is not purely linguistical problem. There is an idea that language is a form of human consciousness and an existence of reality for inner world. Finally, there is a conclusion that mobility of language is a serious barrier for clear definition of human language.

The article is summarized in thought that explanation of language origin will be possible if ever will be described and explained the origin of human.

SELF IDENTITY FORMULA OF VAZGEN SHUSHANIAN – 2012-4

Summary

Lusine V. Tonoyan
A French- Armenian writer Vazgen Shushanian’s “Mild Letters of Spring Love” Novel helps us to realize the changing moral and national values back in 20-30-es of the last century. A life story of a whole Armenian generation fighting for survival is first of all presented here, a reflection of political views and opinions, a personal struggle between inner self and outer world, which is not always obvious.

“Spring” is considered one of the best works of Shushanian, though later strongly criticized by Shahan Shahnur.

Shahnur and Shushanian have different perceptions of things. The only common thing between them is the constant search of humanism, Armenian identity, and national salvation — a question which has been the cornerstone of Diaspora Armenian literature until now.

LYRIC POETRY OF SAYAT-NOVA – 2012-4

In temporal, spatial and value system of Middle Ages

Summary

Vazgen H. Safaryan
Sayat-Nova’s lyrics are an original expression of difficult collations. Ashug poetry was sourced from the persian-eastern sufism, so Sayat-Nova conserved the rules of ashug’s songs to be close to the perfect in proper and metaphoric senses, with the evaluation of the teacher-”pir”, with different reasonable layers of admonition. As a temporal borderline’s representative in the Middle Ages and in the new period, and also as a result of dimensional coverage of “from Prangstan and from Venice” till “India and China” Sayat-Nova is linked with the Middle Ages through its means to oppose the soul and body, to accept and at the same time to resist class relations, to reject the transitory life. Instead of canonicity of Turkish melodies, Sayat-Nova’s Armenian and Georgian love songs are the illustration of the real art of the author’s singularity, even among the medieval lovesongs art full of “clichռs”.

REGARDING SOVIET ARMENIA’S INTERNATIONAL-JURIDICAL STATUS IN 1920-1922 – 2012-4

Summary

Ararat M. Hakobyan
There are different, sometimes even mutually exclusive opinions concerning the question of the international-juridical situation of Armenian Soviet Socialistic Republic (ASSR) in 1920-1922. A large group of scientists finds that before the formation of Trans-Caucasian Federation and SSSR, ASSR was nevertheless an independent state due to a number of standards. And finally, there are some authors with soviet nostalgia, who think that Armenia achieved its “real” independence only in November, 1920 with the sovietization of Armenia.

The author brings numerous facts, and examining these three approaches by the modern standards of historiography substantiates and defends the thesis that the Soviet Armenia wasn’t in fact independent initially, but kept its statehood. At the same time, drawing parallels between the three Armenian states of the XX century, the author shows the fact of their succession.

THE PROCESS OF BAGRATUNIS’ GEORGIAN KINGDOM FORMATION – 2012-4

Part one. Bagratuni princes’ establishment in Kghardjk (Klarjeti) and the beginning of ethnic motions

Summary

Arman S. Yeghiazaryan
At the end of VIII century after suppression of the antiarabian revolt of Armenians in 774-775 Bagratunies participating in it settled in Kghardjk the western area of province of Gugark of the Great Armenia. Having appeared in mostly armenian-chalkedonian environment, Bagratids have gradually integrated in it to which promoted beginning during rule of Curopalate Ashot Bagratid (the beginning of IX century) extensive church reconstruction and building in Kgharjk.

During the first half of IX century curopalates of Kgharjk tried to extend their political domination to Georgia, but failed. Then has been made the state idea of Georgian kingdom which proclaimed that: “Georgia includes all lands where church service and all prayers are creating in Georgian language”. After that the spiritual power of “the Prince of Georgians (from 899 – “King of Georgians”)” has gradually extended to the east to Georgia (Kartli).

At the end of IX century the Curopalacity of Kgharjk was a part of the Kingdom of Armenian Bagratids, and Atrnerseh Bagratid the Curopalate of Kgarjk at the end of the century obtained the title of “the King of Georgians” from Armenian king Smbat I, i.e. of population of georgian (chalkedonian) confession.