Knarik A. Abrahamyan
Ph.D in Philology

Summary

Keywords – Davit Mosinyan, Nikoghos Sarafian, philosophy, literary relations, theoretical observations, critical mind.

The book by Davit Mosinyan is dedicated to the examination of the creative layers of Nikoghos Sarafian, one of the outstanding representatives of French- Armenian literature, taking into account and discussing the literary and theoretical material about the author (Harutyun Kurkjian, Marc Nichanian, Krikor Beledian, Seta Kilejian, Suren Danielyan, Arthur Andranikyan, Lilit Seyranyan and others).

In the review, the author’s goals and principles are addressed, structural features of the book were particularly emphasized, the creative relations with N. Sarafian and the authors of the preceding period, his literary teachers (Eghia Temichipashian, Intra, Vahan Tekeyan, Hagop Oshagan and others), as well as the relations between the author and the environment (“We”, “Boys of Paris”, French- Armenian literary figures). Nikoghos Sarafian is a philosopher-writer, and Davit Mosinyan observed him primarily in the context of his profession philosophy (Soren Kierkegaard, Friedrich Nietzsche, Spinoza, Martin Heidegger, Arthur Schopenhauer and others) emphasizing the peculiarities of the approaches of the French-Armenian writer. The conclusion is that extensive scientific research work has been carried out, which conributes to the discovery of the cognitive values of N. Sarafian’s work.

Mkrtchyan E. S., Khtsaberd and the Offspring of My Life (Memoirs), Yerevan, Real Print Publishing, 2023, 280 pp. + 58 pp., illustrations.

Mher A. Harutyunyan
Ph.D. in History

Summary

Keywords – Khtsaberd, Hadrut, Artsakh, Nagorno-Karabakh, memoirs, professor, settlement, etymology, research, genealogy, historical memory, resident, word formation, grammar, school, indigenous people, forced displacement.

In the context of the Azerbaijan-Turkey aggression from 2020 to 2023, which led to the occupation of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic and the threat of genocide against the indigenous Armenian population with subsequent forced displacement, rethinking and popularizing the history of the once-existing “eastern regions” of Armenia has gained significant importance. This is due to the need to convey to international specialized and authorized organizations the demand for urgent measures to preserve the Armenian historical and cultural heritage, which is being destroyed, appropriated, and distorted in the occupied territories of historical Armenia, to maintain the historical memory of our compatriots and unite them around the idea of returning to their homeland, as well as to strengthen our counterarguments in the information war imposed on Armenia and the entire Armenian nation.

From this perspective, it is worth noting that the initiative of Doctor of Philological Sciences, Professor Eduard Samsonovich Mkrtchyan to present the history of his native village of Khctaberд in his memoirs can serve as a positive example for publishing books dedicated to other settlements of Artsakh.

Professor E. Mkrtchyan’s memoirs were published by decision of the Scientific Council of the Armenian State Pedagogical University named after Kh. Abovyan. The book was prepared for publication by the Syunik Center for Armenian Studies. The editor of the book is Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor Mher Kumunts.

The author of the memoirs has presented the history of his native village of Khctaberд, its language, genealogies, the origins of toponyms, and other interesting information. All of this is presented in the context of significant events in the life and work of Professor E. Mkrtchyan.

In conclusion, it can be noted that E. Mkrtchyan’s valuable publication aims to become a reference book for the reading audience. The usefulness of the book is evident both for specialists in Armenian studies and for the broader reading public interested in the history of Artsakh. The publication of the book is relevant in terms of restoring the territorial integrity of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, recognizing the international right to return to the homeland, and substantiating the historical, political, and legal aspects of its status.

Tessa Hofmann, Der Genozid an den indigenen Christen des Osmanischen Reiches: Armenier, Griechen, Syro-Aramäer/Assyrer/Chaldäer։ eine ausführliche Dokumentation mit drei Modulen von je neun Unterrichtseinheiten

Summary

Gerayer A. Koutcharian (Berlin, Germany)
Doctor of Natural Sciences

In Germany and beyond, the philologist and genocide scholar Tessa Hofmann is considered an expert on the genocide of the Ottoman Christians, which was also the first large-scale genocide of the 20 century. In my review of Tessa Hofmann’s most recent work “The Genocide of the Indigenous Christians of the Ottoman Empire” (2024), I emphasize that the book serves a dual purpose: it serves as a very comprehensive introductory reading on the course and methods of the Ottoman – Young Turk and Kemalist – genocide of over three million indigenous Christians (Armenians, Greek Orthodox Christians, Syro-Aramaeans, Assyrians and Chaldeans) in the Ottoman Empire and in northwest Iran, which was temporarily occupied by the Ottomans in 1914 and 1918. In the second part of her book, she presents three modules, each with nine teaching and learning units for school lessons on genocide.

Until now, there have been no such handouts in Germany, where the largest diaspora of Turks is located (with the exception of the federal states of Brandenburg and Saxony-Anhalt, where they are now out of print). A special feature of the book is also its inclusive approach, which includes all Christian victims and illustrates the interactions between the acts against Greek Orthodox, Armenian and Syro-Aramaic Christians. An extensive bibliography as well as contributions by Roy Knocke (Director of the Lepsius House in Potsdam) on Johannes Lepsius and two associations of members of Turkish descent on coming to terms with the past and the culture of remembrance round off this extremely remarkable book, which will hopefully find its way into German schools.

REFERENCES

Hofman T’., Qristoneay bnik joghovurdneri tseghaspanut’yune’ Osmanean kaysrut’ean mej: Hayer, yoyner, siriats’i-arameats’iner /asoriner/, qaghdeats’iner. Manramasn vaveragrut’yun- baghkatsatc 3 masits ev usutsman 9 miavorits’. Vaylersvist’-Meternikh, “Haze ev K’eohler” hrat., 2024 (in Armenian).

“Memories of the past” / Z. Yeolian; Compilers: A. Azizyan, A. Simonyan; Yerevan, “Lusakn”, 2023, 612 pages.

Summary

Mher A. Harutyunyan
Ph.D. in History

The articles of Zakar Yolyan, one of the foremost figures of the Armenian National Liberation Struggle and ARF leader of the first quarter of the 20 century, mostly published in the press, formed the bases of a large book of memoirs of this socio-political and state figure, initiated by Aghasi Azizyan and Ashot Simonyan.

The relevance of the memoirs, summarized in a separate collection by Z. Yeolian, is due to the author’s desire to rethink the past, to draw lessons from history and to outline the sequence of correct steps respectively. As an active participant or witness of important political events of the time, Z. Yeolian provided reliable and as impartial as possible testimonies and memoirs. His knowledge came not only from his close ties with ARF leaders in Baku and Zangezur, but also from his frequent contacts with leaders of the Bolsheviks and other socio-political currents. Thanks to this and especially to the fruitful activity in Zangezur, which, in fact, is reflected in the work of Z. Yeolian in his voluminous memoirs, many events and names of heroes were saved from inevitable oblivion and have now become an inexhaustible source of inspiration and imitation for the present and future generations.

Z. Yeolian’s vivid and lively memoirs preserve the former industrial centre of the Caucasus – Baku, in the social, political and cultural life of which the role of the numerous Armenian populations was significant. The author’s unique testimonies are not only about the ARF, but also about other Armenian parties and foreign political movements, organizations and figures, as well as their connections, and represent important material for our historiography.

Remarkable archival materials extracted from the National Archives of Armenia and other sources, as well as valuable information about his personal life and family members significantly enriched the content of the book.

Thus, summing up, it can be stated that the reader is presented with a valuable book, which has scientific, historiographical and primary source value and is intended to contribute to the full study and rethinking of the history of the Armenian nation in the first quarter of the XX century.

REFERENCES

1. Azizean A., Arkhivayin vaveragrer Jemal P’ashayi spanut’ean masin, “Vem”, T’ (ZHE) tari, t’iv 3 (59), 2017 (In Armenian).
2. «Ants’eali yusher»/Z. Yeolean; Kazmoghner, A. Azizean, A. Simonean; Ar’ajabani heghinak, A.Simonean, grakhos, A. Yakobean, Yer., “Lusakn”, 2023 (In Armenian).
3. Arts’akhi yev Zangezuri hay azgabnakut’yan zinvats ink’napashtpanut’yan patmut’yunits’ (1918- 1920 t’t’.). Vaveragrer yev hushagrut’yunner / Kazm., M. A. Harut’yunyan, “Kachar” taregirk’, Girk’ 15(179-190), Shushi, «Kachar» gitakan kentroni hrat., 2021 (In Armenian).
4. Gyulkhandanean A., Yeghap’okhakan demk’er, “Hay’renik’” amsagir, Boston, 1936, N 6 (In Armenian).
5. Zohrabyan Ed., Yolyanner. Vaveragrakan vipak: Khmb., A.M. Aristakesyan, Yer., «Sovetakan grogh», 1988 (In Armenian).
6. HAA, F.47, ts’.2, g.365, t’.267 (In Armenian).
7 .HAA f.105, ts’.1, g.2805, t’.97 (In Armenian).
8. HAA, F.198,ts’.1, g.39,t’.30 (In Armenian).
9. HAA, f. 252, ts’. 2, g. 34 (In Armenian).
10. Hakhverdyan S., Gorisi amp’op’ patmut’yun, Yer, “Zangak-97”, 2005. (In Armenian)
11. Hushamatyan ankakhut’yan. Hayastani hanrapetut’yan 1918-1921 t’t’. petakan gortich’nerĕ, kazmets’ Mayk’l Babayanĕ, Yer., 2019 (In Armenian).
12.”Vani razmakan gortsoghut’yunnerĕ (1915 t’. april-mayis)” t’argm., A. Ashkhatuni, “Alik” orat’ert’ (T’ehran) 2 Yunis 1954 t’., N 120. (https://tert.nla.am/archive/NLA%20TERT/Aliq%20Tehran/1954/1954%28120%29.pdf) (mutk’, 26.12.2023), 3 Yunis 1954 t’., N 121, ej 2 (https://tert.nla.am/archive/NLA%20TERT/Aliq%20Tehran/1954/1954%28121%29.pdf) (mutk’, 26.12.2023), 6 Yunis 1954 t’., N 122, ej 1-2 (https://tert.nla.am/archive/NLA%20TERT/Aliq%20Tehran/1954/1954%28122%29.pdf) (mutk’, 26.12.2023):
13. Vardanyan S., Tohmanunner: Gorisi taratsashrjan: Khmb., V.V. Zadayan, Yer., “Arants’ hrat.”, 2015 (In Armenian).
14. P’ampuk’ean Ye., H Y Dashnakts’ut’ean tcatskanunnerĕ bararan. andznanunner, teghanunner, t’uanshanayin tsatskagrer, Yer., “Lusakn”, 2023 (In Armenian).
15. Staryy i novyy Goris/Staryy i novyy Goris/ Sen Oganisyan; [per. na russkom T. Barsegyan; Per. po-angliyski S. Avetisyan; gl. red. S. Oganesyan; Foto: P. Pogosyan i dr.], Yer., “Naapet”, 2018 (In Russian).

Suren S. Abrahamyan

Analytical research material one of the significant names of the modern Armenian poetry-three books of Hakob Movses “Notes” was published in 2015, 2017 and 2018. The notes, which are voluminous as well as relevant in terms of the mastered world and the Armenian aesthetic thought, the development of the contemporary Armenian poetry, music, and social thought. The worldview of Hakob Movses’ notes, as complex as it is and has a spiritual understanding of the concept that versatile material, be it world or Armenian poetry, philosophical and artistic systems, social perception or other issues, is considered from the perspective of the poet’s experience, which comes from the sphere of cultural issues of the modern world.

The main question is the examination of Movses’ worldview, philosophical-aesthetic understandings, which have the same structure and hierarchy of questions in all three poem books of “Notes”. The interpretative center, from which Moses’s thought originates, presupposes a metaphysical beginning, from which the worldview of the writer and the aesthete originates and ends as a whole. This is the basis of the analysis of the article, which is the innovative basis of Movses’ poetry, which is also one of the problems of the experience of modern Armenian aesthetic thought.

Alexander Khatisyan. unpublished works, letters, materials and documents, prepared by Vladimir Harutyunyan

Ararat M. Hakobyan

A collection of memoirs and documentary materials dedicated to Alexander Khatisyan, published thanks to the hard work of Professor Vl. Harutyunyan, complements the scientific, literary and memoir heritage of a major Armenian statesman and diplomat.