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THE REGION OF TAIK OF GREATARMENIA ACCORDING TO THE “ASHKHARA TSOUYTS” – 2014-2

Summary

Arman S. Yeghiazaryan

“Ashkharhatsouys” the monument of the Middle Ages Armenian historical geography preserves a detailed describtion of the north-western region Taik’ of the Greater Armenia. Taik’ included eight gavars or districts, which locations could be defined by the informations of “Ashkharhatsouyts”.

In “Ashkharhatsouyts” the gavars of Taik’ are described by two groups. The frist, which is mentioned from East to West and South, includes gavars Kogh, Berdats por and Partizats por. The second group is described beginning from the eastern part of Taik up to the western gavar Arseats por. It included gavars Djakatk, Boghkha, Vokaghe and Azordats por. The eight gavar or Taik’ Arseats por is presented by its geographical location to above mentioned gavars.

Up to the V century Taik’ included only the seven gavars of “Ashkharhatsouyts”s Taik besides Arseats por. As for Arseats por, up to 387 it was the part of the strategy (prefecture) Arsik’ or Arsesa of the Greater Armenia. In 387, when the Armenian Kingdom was devided, the south-western part of Arsesa – the gavar Sper was included to the Western Armenian Kiingdom, while Arseats por was included to the Eastern Armenian Kingdom. In the V century Arseats por was united to Taik’ and was owned by the Mamikonyans. Thus was formed the Taik’ region describing by “Ashkharhatsouyts”.

IDEA OF HISTORY FROM JOHANN DROYSEN TO ROBIN COLLINGWOOD – 2014-2

Part One: Johann Droysen and “Historica”

Summary

Gevorg S. Khudinyan

The article looks at the refinement process of new theoretical and methodological principles of history worked out by Droysen research while the crisis of objectivist epistemology was actual.

Separation and distinction of historiography from the undamental sciences, as well as the sciences of humanity was first held by Droysen in lectures which became the first expression of holistic theory of history. Their summary has been published under the name “Sketches on Historics” in 1858 and later, the monumental work of J. Droysen “Lectures on Encyclopedia and Methodology of history” was posthumously published.

Proceeding from the ideas of W. Wundt (the founder of psychology), Droysen probed that the main achievement of historian is not a simple reflection on “real” events of the past, but the establishment of their sign (Zeichen). Otherwise, it is not possible to cope with “the double subjectivism” of the author of the source which in its turn makes the historian to spread the principles of natural sciences on history.

IRONY OF PARADOX OF HISTORY – 2014-1

According to the talenovel by Mkrtich Sargsyan “Nazar the Brave”

Summary

Sergey A. Aghajanyan

This article is the third one in a series of studies devoted to the phenomenon of artistic embodiment of the image “Nazar the Brave.” In this article it comes to a fairy tale-novel of Mkrtich Sargsyan “Nazar the Brave” (1980). The author has combined the main observations that were in scientific papers of philological bias and added his own comments. Cultural aspect of the study was used in order to comment on the material comprising the circumstances, the idea of creating an allegorical novel, caused especially by the Soviet experience

HABITUS OF INTELLECTUAL IN THE CONTEXT OF WAR – 2014-1

On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of WW I

Summary

Tigran S. Simyan

The article traces the model of the “host-intellectual” in its “passive” and “active” forms, as a guarantee for the “recovery” and democratization of a society, as a generator of meaning for updating the values of capital (Bourdieu) in society. Special attention is paid to habitus prominent pacifist Romain Rolland, Hermann Hesse, and an axiological “war” (conflict) is traced between anti-pacifists (Bergson, Hauptmann) and pacifists (Rolland, Hesse) in the context of the First World War.

ANCIENT ORNAMENTS OF BRONZE BELTS – 2014-1

According to artefacts of Lori and Sevan basin

Summary

Meri S. Keshishyan

The iconography of bronze belts of the Late Bronze (15-11th centuries B.C.) and Early Iron (10-7th centuries B.C.) ages in Armenia is important for the analysis of applied arts of the Highland. They come in various shapes and applications, either ornate or simple. Ornaments on the belts depict humans, animals, plants, geometric shapes and celestial bodies. Ornamented belts have been found in several archaeological sites in the Republic of Armenia (Lchashen, Akner, Sanahin, Lorout, Bjni), among which the fragment from Lchashen and the belt from Lorout are of particular iconographic interest. These artefacts attest to the knowledge, level of culture and calendar skills of ancient Armenians.

THE FORMATION OF THE FORTIFIED SYSTEM OF THE EASTERN BORDERS OF SYUNIQ IN THE II-I MIL. BC – 2014-1

Preliminary observation according to the information of the field investigations in the basin of the river of Aghavno

Summary

Gagik M. Sargsyan, Artak V.Gnuni, Aleksan H. Hakobyan

Though the investigation of the eastern Syuniq (the territory of Qashatagh Region of NKR) began in the XIX century, there are many unsolved problems in the history of the region. In particular, ancient settlements and fortresses of the region still have not been sufficiently examined. By the comparison of Google Earth Map’s data and field investigations, more than 30 fortresses dating from II-I mil. B. C. were fixed. In this period there was the system of fortified settlements along the river of Agavno and its inflows as well as the main roads.

THE PROBLEM OF EXISTENCE IN GADAMER’S DOCTRINE – 2014-1

Summary

Marieta K. Nikoghosyan

20th century philosophers (following Kant) rightly emphasized the danger of identification of human understandings with the real-world existence, in other words, the danger of the “ontologization” of human existence and knowledge. Especially important was the struggle of phenomenologists and existentialists against the “naturalization” and biologization of human being, when human’s research was represented by natural Sciences as the “last word” of the human essence. People usually learn to combine themselves with the world, learn to see their existence as a part and continuation of the world’s existence. They make judgments about the world not only in terms of their existence, consciousness and kind, but also proceeding from the world’s things. The human’s individual existence is controversial: people actually can look at the world only through the lens of their own existence, consciousness and system of values and at the same time human being is capable, in which Heidegger was right: “Inquire about the existence as such”. Individuals, generations of people and all of humanity proceed from their “residence” and “time”, when they “fit” in the world. But they wouldn’t be able to make any vitally important and effective step, if every day and every hour they wouldn’t disclose how “existential” the objective qualities of things and processes of the world are by themselves. People learn to synthesize themselves with the world, regarding their existence as a part and continuation of the world existence. Otherwise they wouldn’t be able to live in this world, and moreover, they wouldn’t be able to inquire about the existence as such. And it is not accidental, that Heidegger in his later works seeking to overcome the subjectivism and the psychologism of his earliest position moves to the foreground of the existence as such. And developing the ideas of Dilthey, Husserl and Heidegger, Gadamer brings the hermeneutics, as a philosophical doctrine, to the bases of human life, directly to human’s nature. He is seeking a way of philosophy in “the very existence”, for which he thoroughly explores existential grounds and objective socio-historical preconditions.

THE STYLISTIC USAGE OF INDECLINABLE PARTS OF SPEECH IN NORAYR ADALYAN’S WRITINGS – 2014-1

Summary

Ruzan H. Virabyan

Stylistic significance, emotionally-expressive coloring of indeclinable parts of speech is quite limited compared to the previous group of parts of speech. However, these parts of speech have a very interesting and peculiar application in writer’s works.
The most typical use of adverbs is the designation of temporal, spatial, qualitative, quantitative, and other signs of action.
Expressive possibilities of prepositions are rather poor. They are reflected in structure of the sentence by their repetition, by means of connection with a particle and its parallel usage.
The role of conjunctions is syntactical and morphological which are expressed both by words and sentences.
Modal words that express the speaker’s attitude to the above, also define the meaning of any part of speech, giving it a distinctive color.
The interjections differ from other parts of speech by their pronunciation, by stress, interjection.
Thus, observation of the stylistic value of Norayr Adalyan’s works shows that parts of speech, such as adverb, conjunction, particles, modal words, interjection also have expressive means and affect the writer’s works with their bright colours.

FROM THE HISTORY OF ARMENIAN SONNET – 2014-1

Summary

Ashkhen Ed. Jrbashyan

This article is an attempt to summarize for the first time the whole sesquicentennial history of Armenian sonnet which is based on the poetic heritage of the most prominent representatives of Armenian literature. Begun with the poetry of Mkhtarists, sonnet passed a unique way, full of ups and downs. While sonnet was one of the most important forms of poetry in Western Armenian literature in postdurian age, Eastern Armenian poetry was indifferent to it till the beginning of the 20th century. The founder of Eastern Armenian sonnet was Vahan Teryan whose traditions were later developed by Eghishe Charents. After some standstill, the sonnet came to life again due to the generation of poets in 70s, especially in H. Edoyan’s poetry.

SATIRE IN MEDIEVAL ARMENIAN LITERATURE – 2014-1

In comparative study with European medieval satire

Summary

Albert A. Makaryan, Ani A. Shahnazaryan

The study of the origin and development of humor in the context of ancient and medieval cultures makes it possible to define, to classify and to interpret the generic system of the comic in European and Armenian literature. The Roman rhetorician Quintilian had already developed a true theory of the humor devoting a whole chapter of his masterwork to the art of provoking laughter and focusing on the genres of humor, parody in the first place. Even though the culture of laughter in Medieval literature was subjected to the pedantic rules of religious and scholastic literature, from the 9th century on, we find visible generic changes in European literature: parody replaces eulogy (such is the poetry of the Vagrants), the Fabliaux and the Schwank come to substitute didactic and moralistic genres). Humour had its distinctive qualities in Armenian Medieval literature: elements of mirth would reveal in sermons, hagiographic works, in the genres of Parsav (criticism in literal translation), Arak (fable) or Zruyts (Tale). The latter were miniature counterparts of European Fabliaux and Scwank. Later, in the 14th-17th centuries humor found its way in comical poetic texts appearing in different Armenian communities.