Category Archives: SCIENTIFIC

On the example of the Armenian media texts

Summary

David V. Petrosyan

Dialogical relationship between a journalist (author) and an external addressee in media texts develops in a very interesting way. If during a direct dialogue with external addresses journalist uses some role behavior: creates a direct connection with the reader, the elements of direct dialogue with the external addressee, etc., than the presence of over external addressees in the texts contributes to the creation of an atmosphere of understanding with external addressees. And while direct contact between journalist and external addressee, each party can become an author or a reader, as intertextual dialogues are conducted at several levels: author-author, internal addressee – author, internal addressee – another author, and so on.

Summary 

Tigran R. Yepremyan

The paper discusses Hugo Grotius’ international political thoughts and their influence on the formation of constructivist thinking in international relations from the perspective of modern constructivism. In relation to Grotius’ thought different constructivist approaches to international politics are taken into consideration. Therefore, the paper proceeds with the conceptualization of the influence of Grotius’ political thought on the theory and practice of international relations in the light of constructivism and speech act theory. Hence, Grotius’ idealistic and holistic approach towards nations and society of nations is regarded within the framework of Alexander Wendt’s theory of structural constructivism. According to these approaches, nations (states) are constructed with common beliefs and organizational structures that give them territorial monopoly of legitimate violence. This comprehensive perspective allows us better understand the evolution of holist and structuralist theories of international relations and Grotius’ role in the formation of constructivist theories in international relations.

Summary

David V. Petrosyan

The presence of the inner addressee in relations between the journalist and the addressee is usually ignored by researchers. Especially in analytical and journalistic materials the dialogue of the author with the inner addressee adds notable nuances to the text. By means of the inner addressee the author gets the possibility to cleave its intellectual-spiritual world, enter some polyphony in the process of submitting of his own ideas and intentions. The inner addressee can be considered as microshape of the audience. Indeed, thanks to him the text within itself becomes a kind of meeting place for the author-journalist and author-audience and thus provides the meeting of the author with external audience.

Summary

Karen H. Khachatryan
Soviet Armenia received its share in “German trophies” as a result of its heroic participation on the battlefields of WW II and hundreds of thousands of victims for the victory of the USSR. In the spring of 1946 a working group was sent on an errand headed by vice-president of the Armenian government for dismantling machine tools, equipment and constructions (etc.) of different German plants and factories, and controlling their transportation.

The local industry of the republic was rather reequipped owing to German trophies; enterprises of light, food and particularly heavy industries were replenished with valuable and modern equipment. It gave a chance to establish new industrial branches in the republic, particularly, electro-mechanical and electrotechnical machinery and equipment, etc. The integration of the republic in the Soviet military-industrial complex was strengthened.

By the light of new facts and evidences

Summary

Lusine M. Sargsyan
During the last two decades the question of the loss of Shahumyan region is was always timely, so many articles have been written, books have been published, there were many opinions expressed. By this article the new facts and evidences are presented, which concern the loss of Shahumyan and have been found out after the war of Nagorno-Karabakh with the help of the Armenian and Azeri participants of the struggle. The coinciding confessions of the participants from two sides prove and discover the real reasons of the suppressions of Armenians from the northern parts of Nagorno-Karabakh.

Summary

Gayane Kh. Chobanyan
Soon after its independence Azerbaijan changed its foreign policy course towards the Islamic world. Making religious accents in Nagorno-Karabakh war Azerbaijani government was trying to get military aid from Muslim countries and Islamic terrorist organizations. In 1991-1994 mercenaries who were enlisted in different countries especially from Afganistan, Pakistan, Chechnya, Turkey and Iran, fought on the side of Azerbaijanis in the war in Nagorno-Karabakh. The Azerbaijani authorities still deny the involvement of mojahideen in the military actions, but it is a proved fact, which is based on the bodies of killed people during the war, the religious literature, documents in their traditional languages, and other proves found by the defense forces of Nagorno-Karabakh. After the war the majority of the mojahideen left Karabakh front and were involved in other regional conflicts where they used the experience from Nagorno-Karabakh war. The territory of Azerbaijan had been often used to supply weapons, financial, material and other means and fighters to Chechnya and Dagestan. The other part of mojahideen that stayed in Azerbaijan influenced on establishment of radical Islam structures and branches of international Islamic terrorist organizations, wհich used the territory of Azerbaijan as a strong hold of terrorist network.

Summary

Roman S. Melikyan
The article is devoted to the versatile study and system analysis of the Internet-Media. The structural and functional differences of Traditional and Modern Media are established and developed with individual theses and approaches. Internet-Media is considered in the context of the formation and development of Civil Society. Here we substantiate the vision that the role and importance of Internet-Media is irreplaceable for the availability of information, dissemination and development of democracy in the 21st century.

In Turkish ottoman encyclopedic and academic documents and maps

Summary

Karen H. Khanlarian (Tehran)
Historical evidences prove that the authorities of “Ittihad ve taraki” party (Union and Progress) of young Turks in Ottoman Turkey had a distinctive role in the nomination of so called “Azerbaijan” state, established in May 1918. It was by their order that the “Musavat” party named this newly emerged statehood as “Azerbaijan” on the territories where once were existing as “Albania”, “Shirvan” or “Shervan”. The authorities of “Ittihad ve Taraki” along with the “Musavatists” strived for creating a favorable political ground to annex the Azerbaijan province of Iran to this newly created state.

Has any historical land named “Azerbaijan” ever existed on the northern bank of Arax River? Does this falsification have any significant relevance to the historical lands of Azerbaijan of Iran? The panturkist historians have implemented extensive researches in this regard and traditionally have created some criteria based on which they boldly reject the authenticity of the Iranian, Russian, European and Armenian historical sources, calling them “fake”, “false” or “with bias

The main purpose of this paper is to reveal the geographical concept of “Azerbaijan” based on the Turkish ottoman encyclopedic and academic documents and maps.

The facts mentioned in this paper prove that based on the official maps and encyclopedic and academic documents, published materials and textbooks in Turkish ottoman empire, the geographical territories where the so called “Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan” state was created were existing as “Shirvan” or “Shervan” starting from the 16th century until May 1918. And Azerbaijan (Aturpatakan or Atropatena) was part of territory of Iran, as an Iranian province on the southern bank of Arax River.

Hence, without doubt we can conclude that the concept of “Azerbaijan Republic” is a geographically and politically fake phenomenon

The tendencies of military and political alliance’s formation

Lia S. Evoyan
This article is an attempt to shed light on the current political developments in the South Caucasus in general and Turkey-Azerbaijan-Georgia political triangle in particular. It analuzes the existent distribtuion of power and its future tendency in the region. In this context Turkey-Azerbaijan military-political strategic partnership is discussed with its political and ideological background, In addition, the policy of Turkey-Azerbaijan alliance towards the integration of Georgia to their military-political bloc is examined. Finally the article discusses Georgia’s possible role in the current regional developments and states its possible political outcomes for the Republic of Armenia.

The article is written based on the examination of the dynamics of the regional and international political developments, including the last official statements and agreements between Turkey, Azerbaijan and Georgia.

Towards the Problem of Recognition of the Armenian Genocide by Turkey

Summary

Anush R.Hovhannisyan
In the last ten years, steps aimed at reconciliation between Turkey and Armenia has considerably increased. But it is obvious that real reconciliation between the two nations and between the two societies is impossible without the recognition of the Armenian Genocide.

“Denialism” is the term commonly used to characterize the positions of both the Turkish state and society towards the Armenian Genocide. Although the arguments of Turkish state denialism were widely discussed scholarly, the motivations for public denial are still less investigated. Why has Turkish society chosen simply to forget, to ignore or deny the crimes committed by their ancestors or as Taner Akcam said “wish to forget history?”

Some scholars explain it by the lack of historical consciousness in Turkey. According to them, the public sphere has been totally dominated by the imposed official state narrative and to be critical of the official text, publicly oppose and contradict it means to question the very existence of the state and Turkish identity. Society was unable to question this narrative, so ignorance, amnesia and fear became part of their survival strategy. In our article, we argue that in such collectively committed crimes as genocide and its denial there must be a kind of “solidarity” between the state and society: society must be hostile towards the target group to allow the genocide and it’s denial to occur. Whatever the motivations for this are, society cannot move forward without confronting and acknowledging the crimes of the past.

In the last years “the desire to not remember the past” or the “Armenian Genocide taboo” is losing ground; part of Turkish society wants to know what really happened in 1915 and is demanding open discussion of the Armenian Genocide. This group of historians, journalists, intellectuals and common people still comprise only a small part of Turkish society and cannot considerably influence state policy. But the process of the further democratization of Turkey could change the attitude of society towards this issue that is that the genocide will stop being viewed as rational and acceptable policy.