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SIMON ZAVARYAN AND THE ARMENIAN ARGAGIAN ECONOMIC THOUGHT – 2013-4

At the late 19th and early 20th centuries

Summary

Samvel S. Avetisyan
One of three founders of AR Federation – Simon Zavaryan was not only a social and political figure; he greatly contributed also to the development of the Armenian economic thought in the late 19th and early 20th century. He graduated from the one of the most eminent and democratic higher educational institutions – Petrovsky Agricultural Academy and engaged in affairs concerning agriculture in Caucasus, Zavaryan traveled all over Transcaucasia, especially in the provinces of Kutaisi, Yerevan and Yelizavetpol and in the region of Kars, he there examined the agriculture of the country and the life of the peasants, then he published series of valuable monographs and numerous scientific articles.

The following research is the first attempt to appreciate at its true value the scientific heritage of Simon Vratsyan, to explore the importance and currency of the ideas expressed in his works published in Russian and Armenian languages.

At present, even after one century, we can conclude due to the research/ examination of his scientific and social-political heritage that Zavaryan was revolutionary also in the sphere of agricultural economics and his propositions concerning the development of agriculture are very urgent and relevant nowadays.

ZAVARYAN AS APOLOGIST OF SOCIAL JUSTICE – 2013-4

Summary

Arthur S. Ghazaryan
The article is a brief reference to the positions of Simon Zavaryan (one of the founders of AR Federation) concerning social justice. Living and taking his activities at the late 19th and early 20th centuries, when on one part Armenia was under the pressure of the Ottoman Empire and on the other part under the pressure of tsarist Russia, Zavaryan was not only against feudalism, he was really struggling against feudalistic system.One of Zavaryan’s ideas was that the development of the individual person should go on without the distinction of the class of language. Favorable conditions should be created for the development of every single person. In his articles Zavaryan also mentioned the importance of the correlation of justice and personal property; he thought that the concentration of too much property prevents the development of the individual.

The article also presents the means and ways suggested by Zavaryan that will lead to a fair society: to the establishment of socialism.

NARODNICAL PERIOD OF ZAVARYAN’S ACTIVITY – 2013-4

Summary

Mkrtich D. Danielyan (Vanadzor)
In the article we have analyzed the Pre-ARF and National (Narodnical) period of S. Zavaryan’s activity, who was one the founders of Armenian Revolutionary Union and influential figure of Armenian National Liberty Movement. According to the contemporaries, memoires and newfound archive documents S. Zavaryan’s activity and his participation in national narodnical different organizations, work group and his connection with Russian Narodnical members are presented. In the article we have reference to Zavaryan’s gradual transition into the problems of national liberty movement, his evolution as national political activist and from national parties to one of AR Federation founders.

SOVIET ARMENIA’S TROPHIES OF WW II – 2013-4

Summary

Karen H. Khachatryan
Soviet Armenia received its share in “German trophies” as a result of its heroic participation on the battlefields of WW II and hundreds of thousands of victims for the victory of the USSR. In the spring of 1946 a working group was sent on an errand headed by vice-president of the Armenian government for dismantling machine tools, equipment and constructions (etc.) of different German plants and factories, and controlling their transportation.

The local industry of the republic was rather reequipped owing to German trophies; enterprises of light, food and particularly heavy industries were replenished with valuable and modern equipment. It gave a chance to establish new industrial branches in the republic, particularly, electro-mechanical and electrotechnical machinery and equipment, etc. The integration of the republic in the Soviet military-industrial complex was strengthened.

THE CROSS-RELIQUARY WITH JOHN THE BAPTIST’S DEXTER – 2013-4

Summary

Astghik A. Babajanyan
The study refers to Armenian Christian relics and especially reliquaries. After legalization of Christian worship ecclesiastical architecture started to flourish with wide impetus, in which the construction of sanctuary-martyria at sites of martyrdom occupies a significant place as relics are an important aspect of the medieval Christian cultural heritage. First of all, the role of relics is important in the organization of holy space of the sanctuary which is comprehended as a monumental reliquary. Later the role of relics increased at such an extent that portable reliquaries were made to keep relics. Their forms became important source of studying the medieval iconography.

Armenian Apostolic church also adopted the tradition of keeping relics in reliquaries. The main forms of reliquaries in Armenia were rectangular boxes, cross shaped, right hand shaped.

A comprehensive research of relics and reliquaries is impossible to introduce with one report that’s why the research is going to be continual. In this article I emphasize on the cult of John the Baptist in Armenia and the geography of spreading of his relics, introducing a unique example of a reliquary which is kept at a special treasury of the St Etchmiadzin cathedral. It was created in Adana in the 14th century and was furbished in 1670.

The uniqueness of this reliquary is in its conformation; the three forms of reliquaries accepted in Armenia – the casket, the cross and the right hand are concentrated in one. As we know, in the medieval period everything had to correspond to canonicity, thus allowing nearly no deviations.

The great interest of John the Baptist’s Reliquary is not only of its form, symbolism, inscription with important information, but it is also a wonderful piece of art, adorned with precious gems, which create harmonic coherence of subtle color shades.

WISDOM AS THE HIGHEST MANIFESTATION OF TRUTH – 2013-4

According to the doctrine of alive ethics

Summary

Gegham A. Khachatryan
The article presents the definitions of truth and wisdom given by philosophy and science. It analyzes the concept of truth. Presented perception and definition of truth and wisdom of the doctrine of Alive Ethics, understanding of the ways and conditions of their achievements, their characteristics and properties. According to the authors of the Alive Ethics, the acquisition of the truth and wisdom is necessary to develop consciousness, raising it to the level of acquisition of the intuition’s highest degree. The doctrine draws a lot of attention on the inner workings of a person, self-improvement. The path leading to wisdom is the spiritual, moral perfection of man and society.

DERENIK DEMIRTCHYAN’S “NAZAR THE BRAVE” IN A NEW LIGHT – 2013-4

Summary

Sergey A. Aghajanyan
The article is dedicated to the examination of the comedy by D. Demirtchyan “Nazar the brave”. The author firstly sums up the opinions expressed about the poetics of that work, and then he compares them with the particularities of the similar tale his primary source – Hov. Tumanyan. Single parts of the article concern the analysis of particularities of the story line’s end, genre and artistic features of the comedy. The research concludes by clarifying the current signification of this comedy, which was written in the atmosphere of soviet ideology and social political conditions of the sovietization of Armenia.

THE PROCESS OF BAGRATUNIS’ GEORGIAN KINGDOM FORMATION – 2013-4

Part III: Consolidation of Chalcedonian provinces and formation of the Transcaucasia united kingdom of chalcedonians

Summary

Arman S. Yeghiazaryan
In the second half of the X century the Armenian kingdom of Bagratunis gradually separated to some lesser kingdoms and lost the control over Transcaucasian countries. That was a great opportunity for the Abkhazian kingdom, which tried to unit all chalcedonian provinces in Transcaucasia. Abkhazian king Georgi (929-957) could conquer Georgia, and although his army was defeated by Armenians near the Kur River, the Armenian king Abas (929-953) did not develop the success. After Georgi’s death Abkhazian kings lost their chance to keep Georgia under their control.

In the second half of the X century in Transcaucasia was acting powerful David the Curopalate of Taik. He called for help Smbat II the king of Armenia (977-989) and they jointly could overthrow Theodos – the Abkhazian king (975978) and put on the Abkhazian throne Bagrat III Bagratuni (978-1014) son of daughter of Georgi the Abkhazian king and Gurgen Bagratuni from Kgharjk.

During two decades Bagrat liquidated all Kgharjian Bagratunis and David the Curopalate of Taik. The main goal of this policy was to overcome the feudal separatism and form a united kingdom of chalcedonians.

When Gagik I the Armenian king (989-1020) could strengthen the Armenian kingdom again, Bagrat III used its authority and power in confrontation with the Gandzak emirate.

On the first decade of XI century Bagrat III could consolidate Transcaucasian chalcedonian provinces and found the united kingdom of chalcedonians.

MAIN PROBLEM OF JURIDICAL SETTLEMENT OF REPATRIATION OF ARMENIANS OF DIASPORA – 2013-4

In the context of “Great repatriation” and international experience

Summary

Lusine. A. Gevorgyan
At present the Republic of Armenia is facing a number of serious migratory challenges, the first of which is the migration of the Armenians from the country at a rapid pace. Taking into account the situation, the Republic of Armenian should take steps to slow down the paces of migration and pave the way for the opposite process – repatriation.

To find the proper resolution for the following main issues, some adjustments should be made in the relevant laws of the RA, moreover, it is necessary to make some structural changes in the corresponding organs of the RA, which would help to clarify the functional responsibilities of each and to ensure fair and honest activity.

THE MISTERY OF THE FALL OF SHAHUMYAN – 2013-3

By the light of new facts and evidences

Summary

Lusine M. Sargsyan
During the last two decades the question of the loss of Shahumyan region is was always timely, so many articles have been written, books have been published, there were many opinions expressed. By this article the new facts and evidences are presented, which concern the loss of Shahumyan and have been found out after the war of Nagorno-Karabakh with the help of the Armenian and Azeri participants of the struggle. The coinciding confessions of the participants from two sides prove and discover the real reasons of the suppressions of Armenians from the northern parts of Nagorno-Karabakh.