After the 44-day Artsakh war in 2020, Azerbaijan uses the process of normalization of Armenian-Azerbaijani relations not to achieve long-term peace, but to impose its vision of the future of the region on Armenia, simultaneously applying the entire set of tools of both military and diplomatic pressure.
Under these conditions, the anti-Armenian concept of “Western Azerbaijan”, which had been constructed by the state since the 1990s but had limited significance and application before the 44-day war, was brought out of its marginal status and endowed with new strategic importance and uses. The visit of Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev to the building of the so-called “Western Azerbaijan Community” organization on December 24, 2022 and his extensive programme speech marked the new role of the “Western Azerbaijan” concept in Azerbaijan’s strategy towards Armenia. Since 2022, this concept has begun to be actively exploited by the state in the process of solving both external and internal problems facing Azerbaijan after the war, becoming the cornerstone of a new large-scale anti-Armenian campaign.
The article examines the historical roots of the territorial notions and ambitions underlying the anti-Armenian concept of “Western Azerbaijan”, examines the prerequisites for the formation of the anti-Armenian concept of “Western Azerbaijan” in post-Soviet Azerbaijan and the main stages of its development, and reveals the main goals, spheres, and tools of the state’s application of the concept after the 44-day Artsakh war.