Author Archives: Admin

POETICS OF HISTORY AND POSSIBILITY OF HISTORICAL WRITING – 2015-1

(Considerations on the Monograph of Albert A. Stepanyan “The Trace of History: Deeds, Writings, and Essence”)

Summary

Smbat Kh. Hovhannisyan

Key words – Civilization, civilization identity, discours, Synchrony and diachrony measurement, Lifeworld and System, Semiotics syntagma, poetics of history.

Summing up the considerations, it must be point out that the monograph represents a research space aimed at the interpretation of past in the light of poetics of history. It has been built up in accordance with the development principle (Aristotle), on one the hand, and on the concept of tripartite Soul (Plato), on the other hand. The both approaches make up the anthropomorphist mode of author’s narrative. As a result, the civilization identity (of eminent personalities) initiates various scenarios of past, present and visible future.

The space perspective (with its local and global dimensions) in harmony with the perspective of time (past, present and future) initiates a dialoguesymposium and an intellectual theatre. They are set up on the alteration and reversibility of ideas, concepts and axiological orientations giving opportunity to the author to build up his research activity according to contemporary historical theories.

Another problem is also in the focus of the author. It concerns the problem of relationship of historian’s personality with the guild of historians reaching in its highs the reversibility of the both poles. Metaphrasing Plato’s words, one could define that the crisis of history is insuperable unless it is a field of activity of men who act with profound knowledge, skills and devotion. This shapes a kind of researchers whose life and writing express the more profound layer of reality according to “necessity and probability”. The monograph under consideration meets all these demands of modern historiography and marks a new level of historical research.

SIMON ZAVARYAN ABOUT DEMOCRATIZATION ROUTES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION – 2015-1

On the occasion of the 150th anniversary

Summary

Valeri A. Mirzoyan

Key words – Simon Zavaryan, diversity, minority, decentralization, democracy, self-government, power, liberty, participation, progress

In this article, theoretical heritage of Armenian prominent public figure Simon Zavaryan (1865–1913) is discussed in the frame of social-philosophical problems of democratization of public administration. Un particular, on the conditions of contemporary globalization, that reveals not only previously unprecedented opportunities for states of mutual enrichment by the experiences of public administration, but also could lead toward serious danger of loss cultural identities, in such conditions has exceptional importance the principle developed by Zavaryan on harmonious co-ordination of diversity and uniformity in the organization and management of public life. There are some other Zavaryan’s principles of socio-political characters – provision of real democracy by having regard to the opinion of the minority, creation of social institutions for deterrence of officials at different levels, amplification of local self-government bodies, deepening citizen motivation to participate on decision process of the widest possible problems of public administration.

LYCIA IN THE SYSTEM OF ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION OF ACHAEMENID PERSIA – 2015-1

Summary

Hovhannes G. Khorikyan

Key words – Herodotus, Lycia, Lycians, Xanthos, Satrapy, Politics, Data, Achaemenid Empire, Administrative and Political Changes, Administrative State, «Dynastyc Principate»

Administrative governance of Lycia, part of the First satrapy of the Achaemenid Persia, carried out on a different principle, which differed significantly from the policy that was carried out for other satrapies. In the study of primary sources, it becomes clear that in Lycia there was not any satrapy government. Persian court was establishing military or diplomatic relations with the Lycian cities, of which the most famous was Xanthos – administrativeterritorial center of Lycian dynastic system.

THE ROLE AND PLACE OF THE ARMENIAN HIGHLAND IN “BIBLICAL GEOPOLTICS” – 2015-1

Summary

David K. Babayan

Key words – Biblical geopolitics, Armenian highland, Paradise, Bible, Avesta, Quran, Talmud, cradle of human civilization, oldest place of religion formation.

The article reviews the sacral and civilization significance of the Armenian Highland. Mythological, religious and historical narratives and facts related to this location are presented and analyzed. Conclusions are made about the significance of the Armenian Highland from those perspectives in ideological and practical dimensions.

ORIGINS OF THE CONFLICT BETWEEN MAMLUK SULTANATE AND CILICIAN ARMENIA – 2015-1

Summary

Gagik G. Danielyan

Key words – Mamluk Sultanate, Mongols, Il-khanate, Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, Ketbugha, Hetum I, Bohemond VI, Qutuz, Baybars, Armenian-Mamluk relations.

In the middle of the XIII century important events occurred in Egypt that changed drastically the political situation not only in Egypt, but in the Middle East as a whole. In 1250, as a result of the overthrow of the Ayyūbid dynasty, the Mamlūks seized the power in Cairo and established the Mamlūk Sultanate (1250-1517). A few years later, another great political power came into existence in the region – the Mongol Il-khanate of Persia (1256-1335). The Cilician Armenian Kingdom, which had already submitted to Mongol suzerainty, was also involved into a constant struggle between the two states. In 1260 king Het’um tооk an active part in the Mongol invasion of Syria led by Hulegu. However, after the Mongol defeat at ’Ayn Ğālūt, the Mongol-Armenian alliance became the main reason for strained relations between Cilician Armenia and the Mamlūk Sultanate, that soon developed into a direct military confrontation.

YERVAND KOCHAR. PROFOUND OBEDIENCE – 2015-1

Summary

Ruben S. Angaladyan

Key words – Paris, Soviet Armenia, European painting, Paris galleries, surrealism, space painting, sculpture, drawing, national epos, national traditions, large synthesis.

Ruben Angaladyan’s essay is dedicated to Yervand Kochar, who is one of the most original representatives of the Armenian and world art of the 20th century. In his work, the author presents in details the surrealistic paintings of the master created in 1923-1936 in Paris. The author regrets about Kochar’s returning to Soviet Armenia in 1936, when he was already a world famous artist. Despite the fact that in his homeland he created a series of remarkable paintings and carved magnificent sculptures of David of Sasson and Vardan Mamikonyan, but the dictatorship of Stalin did not allow Yervand Kochar to continue and complete his complex synthesis in the sphere of surrealist art.

GEOPOLITICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SECTS – 2015-1

Summary

Sasun L. Saribekyan

Key words – sect, totalitarian sect, global masonry, geopolitical function, geopolitical agent, New World, antichristianism, association of religions, religious intervention, mind control, “New Age”, “Jehovah’s Witnesses”, Mormons.

Sects are important actors in the geopolitics: their activities are directed against states and the ethnos because of the establishment of a very dangerous world order for them, union of religions and destruction of the Christian civilization. Separating the world population and eliminating its quality, the sects have drastically negative effect on the geopolitical resources, situation, strength, competitiveness, relations, security and development of the given country, in particular, reduces the possibility of impacting beyond the state borders and providing counter-weights against different types of expansion applied by other actors.

Totalitarian sects are of great geopolitical importance, especially the “New Age”, “The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints” (Mormons), “Jehovah’s Witnesses”, “Church of Scientology”, “Unification Church (Sect of Mun)”, “International Society for Krishna Consciousness” and “TranscendentalMeditation”.

«BEING» IN ARMENIAN – 2015-1

On the issues of the translation into Armenian of some of the key terms of Martin Heidegger’s work “Being and Time”.

Summary

Ashot V. Voskanian

Key words – Heidegger, philosophical translation, fundamental ontology, Being, entity, Dasein, existence

The article discusses some problems of translation of Martin Heidegger’s «Being and time» into Armenian. Some translation versions for such terms as «Sein», «Dasein», «Existenz» and their derivatives are proposed.

NEWLY FORMED WORDS IN ARAKEL SYUNETSY’S “ADAM’S BOOK” (“ADAMGIRQ”) – 2015-4

On the way from heaven to hell and back to heaven

Summary

Narineh A. Dilbaryan

Key words – Arakel Syunetsi, XIV-XV century, poem “Adam’s book”, vocabulary, new words, borrowed root, 10 nouns, 13 verbs, 30 adjectives and 2 adverbs.

Arakel Syunetsi was an Armenian religious famous figure, a poet, a grammarian, a musician, a philosopher and a theologian XIV-XV century. In this article we analyzed the new words in the poem “Adam’s book”, which is not in the dictionaries of the Old and Middle Armenian languages. This poem is about the exile of Adam and Eva from Paradise, the first sin and of Repentance. Syunetsi created 57 newly formed words. These words he created on the basis of Armenian and borrowed roots: 11 nouns, 13 verbs, 31 adjectives and 2 adverbs. Most of these words are used in the vocabulary of the modern Armenian, that is an evidence of the brilliant talent of Arakel Syunetsi.

THE PROBLEMATICS OF “OPEN HERMENEUTICS” AND W. DILTHEY’S CONCEPTION OF HERMENEUTICS – 2015-1

Summary

Romik Kh. Kocharyan

Key words – hermeneutics, understanding, interpretation, openness, lived experience, re-lived experience

This article considers three meanings of the “open hermeneutics” and demonstrates that two aspects of the first meaning are present in Dilthey’s theory in such a way, that the second aspect is in the basis of the first, and, moreover, his conception appears to us as just the embrio of the second meaning, which later was completed by H.-G. Gadamer’s conception of philosophical hermeneutics. In Dilthey’s conception the possibility of being of human sciences is self-understood by epistemological inquiry, and his conception of hermeneutics is formulated as the universal methodology of human sciences. The goal of Diltey’s methodological reflection is to understand and interpretively explicate the calling and truth of human sciences. He defined the own subject, experience and method of these sciences, in contrast to natural sciences. In his viewpoint, the goal of human sciences is not the establishing of general laws and concepts, but the understanding and interpretively revealing of the uniqueness of the individual phenomena as such. The subject of understanding is composed of three classes of expressions of life: the first is presented by concepts, judgments, and more complex structures of thought, the second class consists of actions, the third – of expressions of lived experience, the latter is just the preferable subject of understanding, and according to these classes there are elementary and higher forms of understanding.