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REGARDING SOVIET ARMENIA’S INTERNATIONAL-JURIDICAL STATUS IN 1920-1922 – 2012-4

Summary

Ararat M. Hakobyan
There are different, sometimes even mutually exclusive opinions concerning the question of the international-juridical situation of Armenian Soviet Socialistic Republic (ASSR) in 1920-1922. A large group of scientists finds that before the formation of Trans-Caucasian Federation and SSSR, ASSR was nevertheless an independent state due to a number of standards. And finally, there are some authors with soviet nostalgia, who think that Armenia achieved its “real” independence only in November, 1920 with the sovietization of Armenia.

The author brings numerous facts, and examining these three approaches by the modern standards of historiography substantiates and defends the thesis that the Soviet Armenia wasn’t in fact independent initially, but kept its statehood. At the same time, drawing parallels between the three Armenian states of the XX century, the author shows the fact of their succession.

THE PROCESS OF BAGRATUNIS’ GEORGIAN KINGDOM FORMATION – 2012-4

Part one. Bagratuni princes’ establishment in Kghardjk (Klarjeti) and the beginning of ethnic motions

Summary 

Arman S. Yeghiazaryan
At the end of VIII century after suppression of the antiarabian revolt of Armenians in 774-775 Bagratunies participating in it settled in Kghardjk the western area of province of Gugark of the Great Armenia. Having appeared in mostly armenian-chalkedonian environment, Bagratids have gradually integrated in it to which promoted beginning during rule of Curopalate Ashot Bagratid (the beginning of IX century) extensive church reconstruction and building in Kgharjk.

During the first half of IX century curopalates of Kgharjk tried to extend their political domination to Georgia, but failed. Then has been made the state idea of Georgian kingdom which proclaimed that: “Georgia includes all lands where church service and all prayers are creating in Georgian language”. After that the spiritual power of “the Prince of Georgians (from 899 – “King of Georgians”)” has gradually extended to the east to Georgia (Kartli).

At the end of IX century the Curopalacity of Kgharjk was a part of the Kingdom of Armenian Bagratids, and Atrnerseh Bagratid the Curopalate of Kgarjk at the end of the century obtained the title of “the King of Georgians” from Armenian king Smbat I, i.e. of population of georgian (chalkedonian) confession.

NEW CRITICAL APPROACH TO MARX’ ECONOMICAL THEORY – 2012-4

Summary

Gagik. S. Galstyan
The article is an attempt to estimate K. Marx’s economic theory. The following statements are defined for this purpose: First – which were the real goals of Marx; Second – to which extent the categories constructed and implemented by Marx are realistic; Third – the possibility to implement the Marxist theory in solving economic and social problems of modern society.

KARABAKH ISSUE AND AZERBAIJAN – 2012-3

In the archival documents of The League of Nations (Geneva, Switzerland)

Edita G. Gzoyan
The article deals with the issue of Karabakh within the framework of the admission of the Republic of Armenia and Azerbaijan to the League of Nations in 1920. It reveals the grounds on which the international organization has rejeted the admission of the Republic of Azerbaijan, namely the non-sovereignty of the government and territorial desputes with neighboring states. Although the modern historians and experts of Azerbaijan mention only the first argument as a basis for refusal, however the archival documents of the League of Nations reveal that the 5th Commission of the League of Nations dealing with the admission of new states clearly grounded with boarder states. Besides, the letter of the Azerbaijani delegation directed to the President of the Frist Assembly of the League of Nations, countering to the arguments raised in the decision on the Azerbaijani admission, also proves that the issue of territorial disputes with Armenia over the districts of Zangezur and Karabakh and with Georgia over the districtt of Zakatala had served as one of the basis for the rejection of admission.

The article also presented the photocopies of relevant documents.

TURKEY-AZERBAIJAN-GEORGIA – 2012-3

The tendencies of military and political alliance’s formation

Lia S. Evoyan
This article is an attempt to shed light on the current political developments in the South Caucasus in general and Turkey-Azerbaijan-Georgia political triangle in particular. It analuzes the existent distribtuion of power and its future tendency in the region. In this context Turkey-Azerbaijan military-political strategic partnership is discussed with its political and ideological background, In addition, the policy of Turkey-Azerbaijan alliance towards the integration of Georgia to their military-political bloc is examined. Finally the article discusses Georgia’s possible role in the current regional developments and states its possible political outcomes for the Republic of Armenia.

The article is written based on the examination of the dynamics of the regional and international political developments, including the last official statements and agreements between Turkey, Azerbaijan and Georgia.

THE “HISTORY OF ARMENIA” BY MOVSES KHORENATSI HAS HAD THE “FOURTH BOOK” – 2012-3

Babken H. Harutyunyan
The great historiographer Movses Khorenatsi (Moses of Chorene) became immortal handing down to the verdict of posterity his unique “History of Armenia”, which is known with its three books according to the manuscripts and ends with the author’s “Lament”.

Thought judging by some announcements of Tovma Artsruni, it can be supposed that Movses Khorenatsi’s “History of Armenia” has had the Fourth book, which not only Tovma Artsruni was acquainted with but also some medieval authors.

The historians of blessed memory such as Ghevond Alishan, H. Karenyan, M. Emin, Khoren Stepane, G. Ter-Mkrtchyan, B. Gevorgyan (Tscughuryan) of Vagharshapat, St. Malkhasyants, Hrant Armen, N. Poghosyan, V. Vardanyan, Artashes Matevosyan and others also referred to the question of Movses Khorenatsi’s Fourth book, and one part of them accepts its eistence while the others deny it strictly assuming that it had rather a character of enclosures, the latter idea was assiduously substantiated especially by Artashes Matevosyan.

An attempt to show up the existence of Movses Khorenati’s Fourth book is made in this article, basing on the affirmations of Tovma Artsruni and tohers, and logical thought.

THE QUESTION OF CILICIA IN THE TREATIES OF SEVRES AND LAUSANNE – 2012-3

Samvel A. Poghosyan
After WWI abouth 150.000 Armenians returned to Cilicia. They ware defended by the Armenian Legion, which had been formed in 1916 to liberate the Cilicia. The Armenians aimed to unite Cilicia and Untied Armenia or to get autonomy under the patronage of France. But by Sevres Treaty the great part of Cilicia was given to Turkey and a small part of Cilicia to Syria. It was a tragedy for Armenians who had suvived from Genocde and returned to their homeland.

After the Treaty of Sevres failure it was planned to create Armenian National Home in Cilicia and Armenian Mesopotamia and to concenter the Armenan refugees there. But that idea didn’t find ant solution. France handed all Armenian lands to Turkey by Ankara Treaty. The long lasting and hot discussions of great Powers about the Armenian Question were failed. By the Conference of Lausanne the discussions of creating Armenian National Home in Cilicia were finally closed.

ASHOT BABAYAN’S CANTATA “EPOPEE” – 2012-3

Dedicated to the 20th anniversary of the liberation of Shushi

Anna G. Asatryan
On May 26, 2012 the evening of the cmposer Ashot Babayan dedicated to the 20th anniversary of the Shushi’s emancipation took place in Alexander Spendiarian Armenian Opera and Ballet National Academic Theatre of Yerevan. The cantata “Empopee” was performed by the chorus and ensemble of the opera theatre directed by Karen Durgaryan. The soloists were Kristine Sahakyan and Georgi Arakelov. The work of A. Babayan is composed of operas, vocal-symphonic, symphonic and chamber compositions, vocal works for voice and instromental ensemble, vocal series by the accompaniment of puiano. The theme of the Artsakh struggle for freedom is always present in his works. His sonata for violoncello and piano (1993) is dedicated to Tatul Krpeyan, and the symphony “Monte” – to blessed memory of Monte Melkonyan (Avo). In 2002, A. Babayan wrote the cantata “The return of Shushi” on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the liberation of Shushi set to words of Yuri Sahakyan, which was successfully played by State Armenian academic Chorus and State Armenian philharmonic ensemble directed by Hovhannes Chekijyan. In 2012 the composer edits the cantata and renames it “Epopee”. This cantata distinguishes from the other works of A. Babayan: the ocmposer who creates mainly in the genre of avant.gardism here appeals to the classiscal style. The cantata is formed of six parts: “Hello Shushi”, “Lullaby”, “You were calling”, “Attack”, “The song of martyrs”, and “Glory to you…”.

By its artistic merits, ideological content, high level of professionalism and good use of the ensemble and its seperate groups’ timbres, as well as due to the knowledge of timbre dramaturgy and polyphonic way of writing A. Babayan’s cantata “Epopee” is one of bright pages of modern Armenian vocal-symphonic music.

IRAN AS SEEN THROUGH THE ANTOINE SEVRUGUINE’S CAMERA – 2012-3

Summary

Yvette N. Tajarian
Antoine Sevruguine lived in the Armenian diaspora in Tehran in Iran. Vasil de Sevruguine, Antoine’s father, studied Oriental languages at the famous Lazarev School in Moscow, after which he entered the Russian civil service, working as a diplomat at the Russian Embassy in Tehran. Vasil de Sevruguine met an untimely end in a riding accident. Achin returned to her hometown of Tbilisi and later moved to the Akuli. Antoine instead opted for a career as an artist, and went to Tbilisi to became a painter. He soon discovered the then fledgling art of photography, studying under the famous Russian photographer Dmitri Ivanovich Yermakov. In 1870s, Antoine and his brothers decided to devote themselves exclusivery to photography and founded a family buisness in Iran. In 1883, Antoine founded his photo studio in the city of Tabriz and then he went to Tehran to open a photo studio on the second floor of a house in Ala ed-Downla street. Thanks to his exceptional skill, Antoine soon became so well-known as a photographer that members of the upper class in Tehran visited his studio to be photographed. Soon his reputation was such that he became official court photographer to Naser ed-Din Shah. With time he was even allowed to photograph the royal harem, so close was his relationship with Naser ed-Din shah, who gave him the title of “Khan” and later the Medal of the Sun and the Lion, (Shirokhorshid). But the found recognition not only at court: his artistic work was honored with medals and awards in international photo exhibitions in Brussels in 1897, and Paris in 1900. In 1933, Antoine “Khan” Sevruguin died of kidney failure in Tehran at the age of 82. He was buried on the Russian cemetery in Tehran in the family grave.

ELECTRONIC TEXT AS A SUBJECT OF STUDY OF TEXT LINGUISTICS – 2012-3

Siranush G. Hovhannisyan
The article touches upon the problem of electronic text and the orientation of its study.

The electronic text is related to the computer, that’s why the researchers consider it as a subject of study of Computer linguistics. The article shows that the electorinc text is an indicidual kind of text and it should be studied not by the Computer linguistics but by the Text linguistics. Also in the article are seen relations between electoring text and other types of text. There are some abservations and conclusions in the article.